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发表于 2009-6-21 13:19
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本帖最后由 kurt 于 2009-6-21 13:21 编辑
Breast cancer treatment outcome with adjuvant tamoxifen relative to patient CYP2D6 and CYP2C19 genotypes.
[J Clin Oncol] 2007 Nov 20; Vol. 25 (33), pp. 5187-93.
PURPOSE: The clinical outcome of tamoxifen-treated breast cancer patients may be influenced by the activity of cytochrome P450 enzymes that catalyze the formation of antiestrogenic metabolites endoxifen and 4-hydroxytamoxifen. We investigated the predictive value of genetic variants of CYP2D6, CYP2C19, and three other cytochrome P450 enzymes for tamoxifen treatment outcome.
PATIENTS AND METHODS: DNA from 206 patients receiving adjuvant tamoxifen monotherapy and from 280 patients not receiving tamoxifen therapy (71 months median follow-up) was isolated from archival material and was genotyped for 16 polymorphisms of CYP2D6, CYP2C19, CYP2B6, CYP2C9, and CYP3A5 by matrix-assisted, laser desorption/ionization, time-of-flight mass spectrometry, and by copy number quantification. Risk and survival estimates were calculated using logistic regression, Kaplan-Meier, and Cox regression analyses.
RESULTS: Tamoxifen-treated patients carrying the CYP2D6 alleles *4, *5, *10, *41-all associated with impaired formation of antiestrogenic metabolites-had significantly more recurrences of breast cancer, shorter relapse-free periods (hazard ratio [HR], 2.24; 95% CI, 1.16 to 4.33; P = .02), and worse event-free survival rates (HR, 1.89; 95% CI, 1.10 to 3.25; P = .02) compared with carriers of functional alleles. Patients with the CYP2C19 high enzyme activity promoter variant *17 had a more favorable clinical outcome (HR, 0.45; 95% CI, 0.21 to 0.92; P = .03) than carriers of *1, *2, and *3 alleles.
CONCLUSION: Because genetically determined, impaired tamoxifen metabolism results in worse treatment outcomes, genotyping for CYP2D6 alleles *4, *5, *10, and *41 can identify patients who will have little benefit from adjuvant tamoxifen therapy. In addition to functional CYP2D6 alleles, the CYP2C19 *17 variant identifies patients likely to benefit from tamoxifen.
翻译
乳腺癌他莫昔芬(TAM)辅助治疗效果与CYP2D6和CYP2C19基因型相关
目的 TAM治疗乳腺癌患者的临床效果可能受催化TAM抗雌激素活性代谢产物endoxifen和4-OH-TAM形成的CYP450酶活性影响。我们研究了CYP2D6、CYP2C19和其他3种CYP450酶基因的遗传变异对TAM治疗效果的预测价值。
病人与方法 从档案材料中,获取206例接受TAM单药辅助治疗患者和280例未接受TAM治疗患者DNA(中位随访71月),并通过基质辅助激光解吸附质谱技术分析了CYP2D6, CYP2C19, CYP2B6, CYP2C9及CYP3A5的16个多态性位点的基因型和拷贝数定量。采用logistic回归、Kaplan-Meie和Cox回归分析计算风险和存活率。
结果 携带有与抗雌激素代谢产物形成相关的功能降低的CYP2D6等位基因型*4, *5, *10, *41患者与携带正常功能等位基因型患者相比,乳腺癌更易复发,无复发期较短(hazard ratio [HR], 2.24; 95% CI, 1.16 to 4.33; P = .02),无事件生存率差(HR, 1.89; 95% CI, 1.10 to 3.25; P = .02)。携带有CYP2C19酶活性增高的启动子区变异体*17患者与携带*1, *2,和 *3等位基因性患者比较,临床结果更好。
结论 由于基因确定的TAM代谢降低导致较差的治疗结果,因此,基因型为CYP2D6*4, *5, *10和*41等位基因的患者将很少从TAM辅助治疗中获益。除了功能性的CYP2D6等位基因型,CYP2C19 *17变异体也可以确定患者更能从TAM治疗中获益。
背景知识
SNP(单核苷酸多态性)在人类基因组中大量存在,与多种疾病发生、药物遗传学等密切相关,目前是研究的一个热点。
TAM作为乳腺癌内分泌治疗的经典药物,目前在临床中仍占有非常重要的地位,但其耐药严重影响了患者预后。TAM作为一种前体药物,进入体内后必须经过代谢活化才能充分发挥抗雌激素作用。CYP2D6在TAM代谢活化中居于关键地位,其基因中存在多个SNP,而某些SNP影响TAM的代谢,将会影响其疗效。目前越来越多的临床研究已证明了此点,但也有少部分得出相反结论,可能与选取病人的种族差异和病例数较少有关,还值得进一步研究。值得注意的是国内此方面研究还相对较少。 |
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